高考英语阅读理解技巧与方法| 2013年高考英语阅读理解练习（一）
原本可以确保 5 岁至 16 岁学生接受全面金融教育的法律在“清洗”中消失了。一份申请呼吁下届政府将其恢复。
在学校里，孩子们被教导加法和减法，但不同寻常的是，他们并没有例行公事地教他们如何开设银行账户，更不用说如何在日益复杂和要求越来越高的世界中管理自己的财务了。今天，育儿网站 Mumsnet 和消费者活动家 Martin Lewis 联手推出了在线应用程序，使金融教育成为英格兰学校课程的必修内容。他们说，五岁到十六岁的孩子应该接受从零用钱到养老金等各种知识的教育。这正是《儿童、学校和家庭法案》中保留的计划，该法案在本月早些时候的所谓“清洗”中被政府搁置——在议会被解散之前匆忙立法。消费者和家长团体认为，金融教育一直是课程中最令人沮丧的遗漏之一。正如个人理财教育集团（Pfeg）指出的那样，幼儿的好习惯不会长久。超过 75% 的 7 至 11 岁儿童都是储蓄者，但到了 17 岁时，超过一半的人欠家人和朋友的债。到了这个年龄段，26% 的人将信用卡或透支视为扩大消费能力的一种方式。普菲格预测，这些年轻人将“发现，除非他们在学校接受高质量的金融教育，否则他们将很难避免他们父母这一代许多人遭遇的严重的意外危险。”
英国几代人以来一直处于最严重的金融衰退之中。奇怪的是，除非父母介入，否则年轻人会被蒙在鼓里，直到进入大学后才被残酷地引入债务世界。最近一项针对 8,000 多人的民意调查显示，97% 的人支持在学校开展金融教育，而 3% 的人表示这是家长的工作。1. 这篇文章主要讲的是_____________。
A. 如何管理学校课程
B、如何应对金融危机
C. 向年轻人传授金钱知识
D. 教导学生如何有效学习
2. 从前两段可以推断 __________。
A. 提交人抱怨学校教育
B. 不应该教学生加法和减法
C. 学生被教导如何管理自己的财务
D.财商教育法得到有效落实
3. 该网站和消费者活动家加入了_________。
A. 指导学生捐出零用钱
B.促进学校与家庭的联系
C. 要求政府解散议会
D. 金融教育课程的诉求
4. 根据 Pfeg 的说法，___________。
A. 良好的习惯很容易长期保持
B. 青少年按计划花钱
C.父母愿意为孩子偿还债务D. 如果让青少年独自一人就会有麻烦
5. 向 ___________ 提出民意调查。
A.强调课程改革的必要性
B.显示金融衰退的严重性
C.让读者意识到父母的负担
D. 说明有些人强烈反对该提案
答案： CADDA
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世界卫生组织周五警告称，如果冰岛火山灰开始沉降，欧洲人应尽量呆在室内，冰岛、苏格兰和挪威也出现少量火山灰。
世界卫生组织发言人丹尼尔·爱泼斯坦（Daniel Epstein）表示，当微小的火山灰开始到达地球时，它对人们有潜在的危险，因为吸入的颗粒会进入肺部并导致呼吸系统问题。他还表示，外出的欧洲人可能要考虑戴口罩。然而，其他专家并不相信火山灰会对人们的健康产生重大影响，并表示世卫组织的警告是“歇斯底里的”。他们表示，火山灰的危险性比香烟烟雾或污染要小得多。火山岩碎片的细颗粒。它是浅灰色到黑色的，可以像滑石粉一样细。火山喷发时，火山灰可以被吸入肺部深处，即使对健康人也会造成刺激。但是一旦它从火山口落下，专家表示，距离较远（例如目前盘旋在欧洲上空的云层），其对健康的影响往往很小。爱丁堡大学呼吸毒理学教授肯·唐纳森说：“并非所有颗粒物都是一样的，从长远来看，火山灰并没有那么有害。”他表示，大多数欧洲人接触火山灰的程度可以忽略不计，只有冰岛火山附近地区的人才可能面临风险。
呼吸医学教授兼英国肺脏基金会副主席斯蒂芬·斯皮罗博士表示，颗粒传播的距离越远，危险性就越小。他说：“云层已经经过苏格兰北部，我们还没有听说那里有任何不良影响。”斯皮罗表示，戴口罩或呆在室内以避免火山灰“有点过分”而且“有点歇斯底里”。
1. 正文主要讲述 。
A.火山灰的影响
B.火山灰的健康风险
C.火山灰的缺点
D.对火山灰健康风险的看法2. 根据第 3 段，哪一项是正确的？
答：火山灰对欧洲人的影响很小。
B. 即使对健康人来说，火山灰也会引起刺激。
C. 其他专家认为世贸组织的警告是有用的。
D. 火山灰比香烟烟雾或污染更危险。
3. 第 4 段中划线的词“歇斯底里”最有可能的意思是。
A. 惊人 B. 实用 C. 有价值 D. 夸大
4. 从这段经文中我们可以学到什么？
答：火山灰不会对人造成伤害。
B. 所有专家都认为火山灰对我们的健康危害很大。
C. 一些专家认为，靠近火山的人们可能面临危险。
D. 欧洲人应该呆在室内，因为冰岛的火山开始沉降。
回答：
1.D。主题问题。本文主要针对火山灰对人类健康的危害提出了世界卫生组织和其他专家的不同意见。 A太笼统； B不能反映不同观点； C与文章内容无关； D与题意一致。2. A. 详细理解问题。从第三段最后一句可知A是正确的；从第三段，在火山爆发期间......在健康人中，我们知道B是错误的；然而，从第三段来看，其他专家并不相信……香烟烟雾或污染CD可以被排除。
3. D. 单词意思是猜测问题。从上面的话火山灰并不是那么有害，而下面的话只有那些在冰岛火山附近的地方才可能有危险，我们可以看出D是正确的，夸张，夸张。
4.C.从第三段开始，但是一旦它从更远的距离落下……影响通常很小，从第四段开始，只有冰岛火山附近的那些人可能面临风险，从第五段开始，粒子传播得越远，它们的浓度越低，危险性就越小。可见C是正确的。 ABD的观点是绝对表达的。
[下一页]恐惧及其伴随的痛苦是人类和动物所拥有的两种最有用的东西，如果它们得到利用的话。如果火烧起来不疼，孩子们就会一直玩到手被烧掉为止。同样，如果疼痛存在但恐惧不存在，孩子可能会一次又一次地烧伤自己，因为恐惧不会警告他远离以前烧伤过他的火。一个真正无所畏惧的士兵——确实有一些士兵——不是一个好士兵，因为他很快就会被杀；死去的士兵对他的军队没有任何用处。因此，恐惧和痛苦是两个卫士，没有它们，人类和动物可能很快就会灭绝。在我们的第一句话中，我们建议应该正确利用恐惧。例如，如果你因为在街上被汽车撞倒和撞死的危险而从不走出家门，那么你就让恐惧过多地统治了你。重要的是不要让恐惧统治你，而是用恐惧作为你的仆人和向导。恐惧会警告你危险；然后你必须决定采取什么行动。
在许多情况下，您可以采取快速而成功的行动来避免危险。例如，你看到一辆汽车径直向你驶来；恐惧会警告你，你跳开，一切都会好起来的。然而，在某些情况下，您认为无法采取任何措施来避免危险。例如，你无法阻止飞机撞上你的房子，你可能不想去没有飞机的沙漠生活。在这种情况下，恐惧已经向你发出了警告，你已经审视了它并决定了你的行动方针，所以对特定危险的恐惧对你来说不再有任何用处，你必须努力克服它。
1. 如果_________，孩子们会玩火，直到手被烧掉。
A. 他们在学校没有受过良好的教育 B. 他们以前从未玩过火
C. 他们没有疼痛感 D. 他们害怕疼痛
2. 人们有时能够成功地及时避免危险，因为_________。
A. 他们已获得经验 B. 他们收到危险警告并迅速采取行动
C. 他们及时跳开 D. 他们面对危险保持冷静
3. 文中隐含但未说明的内容是什么？A. 太多的恐惧是有害的 B. 恐惧总是有帮助的
C 。恐惧是可以避免的
D. 恐惧应该成为我们生活的指南
4. 这篇文章的最佳标题应该是 __________。
A. 没有付出就没有收获 B. 痛苦与行动
C. 恐惧的价值 D.人们恐惧的原因
答案：CBAC
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想象一下，大量漂浮废物的面积是德克萨斯州的两倍。德克萨斯州土地面积超过 678,000 平方公里。因此，可能很难想象有两倍大的东西。
总而言之，在北太平洋流动的大量废物被称为大太平洋垃圾带。它重约350万吨。废物包括袋子、瓶子和容器——各种塑料制品。大太平洋垃圾带的东部位于加利福尼亚州以西约l 600公里处。西部是夏威夷群岛以西、日本以东。该地区被描述为一种海洋沙漠，风力微弱，水流缓慢。水流速度如此缓慢，来自世界各地的垃圾都聚集在那里。
近年来，人们越来越关注漂浮垃圾及其对海洋生物和人类健康的影响。科学家表示，数以千计的动物被困在漂浮的废物中，导致死亡或受伤。更多人在吞下塑料碎片后因缺乏食物或水而死亡。垃圾也会让动物产生饱腹感，降低它们吃喝的欲望。漂浮垃圾也会对人们产生有害影响。受污染的废物以及食用吞咽废物的鱼导致疾病感染的威胁日益增加。潜水员也可能被困在塑料中。
它的存在于 1997 年首次引起公众关注。就在那时，赛艇船长兼海洋学家查尔斯·摩尔和他的船员在从一场赛艇比赛返回时驶进了垃圾堆。五年前，另一位海洋学家在一批橡皮鸭在海上迷失后得知了这些垃圾。其中许多玩具现在已成为太平洋垃圾带的一部分。
2009年8月，来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的团队成为
最新的旅行团。他们对看到的垃圾数量感到震惊。他们收集了数百个海洋生物和水样，以测量垃圾带对海洋环境的影响。
1.作者是如何提出本文的主题的？答：举个例子。 B. 列出事实。
C. 通过讲故事。 D. 通过比较。
2.我们对太平洋垃圾带了解多少？
A、由各种塑料制品制成。
B. 它是漂浮废物的固体物质。
C. 它位于加利福尼亚州以东 160 000 公里处。
D. 它被描述为一种海洋沙漠。
3.为什么人们关注太平洋垃圾带？
A. 因为它可能会阻碍海水的流动。
B. 因为受污染的塑料制品会向食物链上游移动。
C. 因为它可能来自太平洋的一个岛屿。
D. Because ships may be trapped in the floating waste.
4.Which column can you find the passage on a newspaper?
A. Sports and entertainment. B. Media and culture.
C. Environment and society. D. Science and technology.
5.The purpose of writing this passage is to____________.
A. warn people of the danger to travel in the pacific
B. analyze what caused the waste patch in the pacific
C. give advice on how to recycle waste in the ocean
D. introduce the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch
答案：
1.D。推理判断题。根据第一段”Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the state of Texas.Texas has a land area of more than 678 000 square www.9iwz.com it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.”可知，作者拿得克萨斯州与大量的垃圾漂浮物进行比较，所以选D项。
2.A。细节判断题。根据第二段中的”The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.”可知，这些垃圾漂流物是塑料制品。
3.B。细节理解题。根据第五段中的”There is an increased threat of infection of
disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste.”可知受污染的塑料制品会通过食物链来影响人类。
4.C。推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，这篇文章最有可能出现在报纸上”环境与社会”这个栏目里。
5.D。作者意图题。本文通过介绍太平洋上漂浮的大量的塑料垃圾废物的情况，指出了它们对海洋中的生物以及人类的影响，所以D项正确。
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With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it"s not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives.Putting a smile on someone"s face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps ( 处于沮丧中), as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker neighbor, close friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your comer store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don"t know the person I"m joking around www.9iwz.com Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy (礼貌) to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say.Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don"t get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer www.9iwz.com can people not get a really funny joke?
Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control.Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy.There is too much sadness in this present www.9iwz.com drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our www.9iwz.com, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.
1.According to the author, humor is useful in the aspect that ____________.
www.9iwz.com makes people more confident
www.9iwz.com can pick up people" s spirits
www.9iwz.com can help get rid of the cruelty in the world
www.9iwz.com can help people get on well with others
2.The author answers the question in the second paragraph with ___________.
A.facts and descriptions B.evidence and argument
C.examples and conclusion D.stories and persuasion
3.The phrase “busting a gut" in the third paragraph can be replaced by __________.
A.explaining carefully B.speaking loud
C.keeping silent D.laughing hard
www.9iwz.com writing the passage, the author mainly intends to __________.
www.9iwz.com about his own understanding of humor
B.encourage people to be humorous in daily life
C.introduce a practical way to get through daily life
D.convince people of the power of being optimistic about life
5.What is the author" s attitude towards the present world?
A.Positive. B.Critical.
C.Satisfied. D.Indifferent.
答案：BCDBB
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Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t love others until you love yourself.Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t expect someone else to love you until you love yourself.Either way, you’ve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky.Sure we all know that we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes, and that our Grandmas think we’re great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics.but sometimes it’s a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves.If you find that believing in yourself is a www.9iwz.com is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.
Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself.This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think.Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about US.Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be.Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.
The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes.That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day.Don’t allow doubts to occur in it.
It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can’t move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself.Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task.If you think you’re silly because you aren’t good at math, find a tutor.If you think you’re weak because you can’t run a mile, get to the track and practice.If you think you’re dull because you don’t wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes.But remember, just because you think it doesn’t mean it’s true.
The best way to get rid of a negative serf-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities.Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image.When you can pat(拍) yourself on the back, you’ll know you’re well on your way.Good luck!
www.9iwz.com need to build a positive self-image when you _________.
A.dare to challenge yourself B.feel it hard to change yourself
C.are unconfident about yourself D.have a high opinion of yourself
2.According to the passage, our serf-images _________.
A.have positive effects B.are probably untrue
C.are often changeable D.have different functions
www.9iwz.com should you change your serf-image according to the passage?
www.9iwz.com keep a different image of others. www.9iwz.com make your life successful.
www.9iwz.com understand your own world. www.9iwz.com change the way you think.
4.What is the passage mainly about?
www.9iwz.com to prepare for your success. www.9iwz.com to face challenges in your life.
www.9iwz.com to build a positive self-image. www.9iwz.com to develop your good qualities.
5.Who are the intended readers of the passage?
A.Parents. B.Adolescents. C.Educators. D.People in general.
答案：1—5CBDCB
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What should you think about when trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.
Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.
1. We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.
A. learning better at school shows power in your job
B. the better you are at school subjects, the more helpful they are in your career.
C. learning each subject well is an ability in many jobs.
D. we should think about how to find our career
2. From the passage we learn that if a student’s school performance is not good, he will _____.
A. have no hope in his future work
B. be hopeful to find a suitable job
C. regret not having worked harder at school
D. have an opportunity of a new beginning in his future work
3. All the subjects may have direct value for job hunting except _________.
A. mathematics B. English C. history D. technical drawing
4. The underlined phrase “be all thumbs” (in Paragraph 3) probably means “_________”.
A. heavy- handed B. the best C. important D. skilled
5. The passage mainly discusses ___________.
A. The relationship between school performance and career
B. how to get a job
C. How to show strengths in your work
D. working experience and knowledge at school
答案： BDCAA
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In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied (依赖) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to se ek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.Competition helps to set up self – respect.
B.Opinions about competition are different among people.
C.Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D.Failures are necessary experiences in competition
2.Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
www.9iwz.com pushes society forward. www.9iwz.com builds up a sense of duty.
www.9iwz.com improves personal abilities. www.9iwz.com encourages individual efforts.
3.The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means .
A.those who try their best to win
B.those who value competition most highly
C.those who are against competition most strongly
D.those who rely on others most for success
4.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a desire to fail ?
www.9iwz.com’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
www.9iwz.com’s success in competition needs great efforts.
www.9iwz.com’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
www.9iwz.com’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
5.Which point of view may the author agree to?
A.Every effort should be paid back.
B.Competition should be encouraged.
C.Winning should be a life – and – death matter.
D.Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D
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Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first- class roads, and other support facilities(配套设施)needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists , jobs and money are lost.
1.Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection?
A. It is extremely important to develop tourism.
B. Building roads and hotels is essential.
C. Support facilities are highly necessary.
D. Planning is of great importance to tourism.
2.Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ________ .
A. a bad effect on other industries B. a change of tourists’ customs
C. over - crowdedness of places of interest D. pressure on traffic
www.9iwz.com can be inferred from the text that ________ .
A. the author doesn’t like tourism developing so fast
B. local people will benefit from tourist attraction
C. other parts of a country’s economy won’t benefit from tourism much
D. we can"t build too many support facilities
4.The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will ________ .
A. waste a lot of money B. weaken their economy
C. help establish their customs D. help improve their life
答案：
1.D 本文一开始便讲如果没有适当的计划，旅游业会带来的各种问题，可见前文叙述适当计划的好处，以正反两方面来阐述。
2.B 本文提到旅游业过于兴旺会带来的各种后果中提到了A、C、D，但没有说会改变游客的风俗习惯。
3.B 从文中的讲述可以推知，旅游业会使当地人获益。
4.D 本文讲述了旅游业的很多好处，其中之一是advance their wealth and happiness.
高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法|2013年高考英语阅读理解练习题（一）
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